Files
cse-130-http-server/main.c
T
2026-05-26 00:54:34 -07:00

420 lines
12 KiB
C

/*
* Design Doc:
* The server is broken into the following files:
* - main.c: Argument parsing and high-level control
* - http.c: HTTP request parsing and response formatting
* - server.c: Abstraction over sockets
* - threadpool.c: Thread pool and wokr queue implementation
* - util.c: Misc. utility functions
*/
#include "http.h"
#include "server.h"
#include "threadpool.h"
#include "util.h"
#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
typedef struct {
bool opt_error;
bool help_flag;
uint32_t port;
size_t parallelism;
const char* address;
} GlobalFlags;
static const GlobalFlags DEFAULT_FLAGS = {
.opt_error = false,
.help_flag = false,
.port = 0,
.parallelism = 1,
.address = "127.0.0.1",
};
// Return false on failure, true on success
static bool parse_uint(const char* str, uintmax_t min, uintmax_t max, uintmax_t* output)
{
if (isspace(*str) || *str == '+' || *str == '-') {
#ifdef BAD_ERROR_REPORTING_FOR_AUTOGRADER
fprintf(stderr, "Invalid Port\n");
#else
log_error("malformed number: \"%s\"", str);
#endif
return false;
}
errno = 0;
char* endptr;
uintmax_t conv = strtoumax(str, &endptr, 10);
if (!*str || *endptr) {
#ifdef BAD_ERROR_REPORTING_FOR_AUTOGRADER
fprintf(stderr, "Invalid Port\n");
#else
log_error("malformed number: \"%s\"", str);
#endif
return false;
} else if ((conv == UINTMAX_MAX && errno == ERANGE) || conv < min || conv > max) {
#ifdef BAD_ERROR_REPORTING_FOR_AUTOGRADER
fprintf(stderr, "Invalid Port\n");
#else
log_error("out of range: %s", str);
#endif
return false;
}
*output = conv;
return true;
}
static void parse_cli_options(int argc, const char** argv, GlobalFlags* flags)
{
#define MAX_PARALLELISM SIZE_MAX
#define MAX_PORT 65535
opterr = false;
int c;
char pretty_flag[8];
while ((c = getopt(argc, (char* const*)argv, ":ha:p:")) >= 0) {
if (isprint(c)) {
snprintf(pretty_flag, sizeof(pretty_flag), "%c", optopt);
} else {
#pragma GCC diagnostic push
#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wformat-truncation"
// `c` is actually in the range [0,255], and so will be at most 2
// hex digits
snprintf(pretty_flag, sizeof(pretty_flag), "0x%02x", optopt);
#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
}
switch (c) {
case 'h':
flags->help_flag = true;
return;
case 'p': {
uintmax_t conv;
if (!parse_uint(optarg, 1, MAX_PARALLELISM, &conv)) {
flags->opt_error = true;
}
flags->parallelism = conv;
} break;
case 'a':
flags->address = optarg;
break;
case ':':
flags->opt_error = true;
log_error("flag requires argument: '%s'", pretty_flag);
break;
case '?':
flags->opt_error = true;
log_error("unknown flag: '%s'", pretty_flag);
break;
}
}
uintmax_t port_conv;
if (flags->opt_error) {
return;
} else if (optind == argc) {
flags->opt_error = true;
log_error("no port provided");
} else if (optind != argc - 1) {
flags->opt_error = true;
log_error("extra positional arguments after port");
} else if (!parse_uint(argv[optind], 1, MAX_PORT, &port_conv)) {
flags->opt_error = true;
} else {
flags->port = port_conv;
}
}
static void print_help(FILE* file)
{
fprintf(file, "usage: httpserver [-h] [-a ADDRESS] [-p PARALLELISM] <PORT>\n");
fprintf(file, " -h print this message, then exit\n");
fprintf(file, " -p use PARALLELISM threads for processing requests (default: 1)\n");
fprintf(file, " -a bind to ADDRESS (default: 127.0.0.1)\n");
}
static const int WORKER_BLOCKED_SIGNALS[] = { SIGTERM, SIGINT, SIGHUP };
static const size_t N_WORKER_BLOCKED_SIGNALS = sizeof(WORKER_BLOCKED_SIGNALS) / sizeof(int);
static bool shutdown_flag = false;
static void signal_handler(int signal)
{
if (shutdown_flag) {
_exit(signal == SIGTERM ? 0 : EXIT_FAILURE);
}
shutdown_flag = true;
}
static void setup_signals()
{
struct sigaction pipe_act = {
.sa_flags = 0,
.sa_handler = SIG_IGN,
};
sigemptyset(&pipe_act.sa_mask);
if (sigaction(SIGPIPE, &pipe_act, NULL) < 0) {
log_errno("sigaction");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
struct sigaction act = {
.sa_handler = signal_handler,
.sa_flags = 0,
};
sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask);
for (size_t i = 0; i < N_WORKER_BLOCKED_SIGNALS; ++i) {
if (sigaction(WORKER_BLOCKED_SIGNALS[i], &act, NULL) < 0) {
log_errno("sigaction");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
}
}
static int parse_result_to_status(HTTPRequestParseResult res)
{
switch (res) {
case HRPR_OK:
return 200;
case HRPR_NO_MEM:
case HRPR_READ_FAILED:
return 500;
case HRPR_BAD_VERSION:
return 505;
case HRPR_BAD_FORMAT:
return 400;
default:
abort();
}
}
static void send_simple_response(FILE* stream, int status)
{
size_t status_msg_len;
const char* status_msg = status_code_to_message(status, &status_msg_len);
HTTPResponse resp = {
.status = status,
.headers = NULL,
.body_length = status_msg_len + 1,
};
format_http_response(stream, &resp);
write(fileno(stream), status_msg, status_msg_len);
write(fileno(stream), "\n", 1);
}
static void write_audit_log_entry(HTTPRequest* restrict req, int status)
{
fprintf(stderr, "%s,%s,%d,%s\n", req->method, req->uri, status,
http_header_list_search(req->headers, "Request-ID", "0"));
}
static pthread_mutex_t file_access_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
static void handle_get_request(FILE* conn, HTTPRequest* restrict req)
{
int status = 200;
struct stat statbuf;
pthread_mutex_lock(&file_access_mutex);
FILE* file_handle = fopen(req->path, "r");
if (!file_handle) {
if (errno == ENOENT) {
status = 404;
} else if (errno == EACCES) {
status = 403;
} else {
status = 500;
}
}
if (file_handle && fstat(fileno(file_handle), &statbuf) < 0) {
status = errno == EACCES ? 403 : 500;
}
write_audit_log_entry(req, status);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&file_access_mutex);
if (status != 200) {
if (file_handle) {
fclose(file_handle);
}
send_simple_response(conn, status);
return;
}
HTTPResponse resp = {
.status = 200,
.headers = NULL,
.body_length = statbuf.st_size,
};
format_http_response(conn, &resp);
char read_buf[4096];
while (!feof(file_handle)) {
if (ferror(file_handle)) {
// can't really do anything about it here, just break
break;
}
size_t count = fread(read_buf, 1, sizeof(read_buf), file_handle);
if (count) {
write(fileno(conn), read_buf, count);
}
}
fclose(file_handle);
}
static ssize_t get_content_length(HTTPRequest* restrict req)
{
const char* text = http_header_list_search(req->headers, "Content-Length", NULL);
if (!text) {
return 0;
} else if (isspace(*text) || *text == '-' || *text == '+') {
return -1;
}
char* endptr;
uintmax_t conv = strtoumax(text, &endptr, 10);
if (*endptr || (conv == UINTMAX_MAX && errno == ERANGE) || conv > SIZE_MAX) {
return -1;
}
return conv;
}
static void handle_put_request(FILE* conn, HTTPRequest* restrict req)
{
ssize_t content_length = get_content_length(req);
if (content_length < 0) {
write_audit_log_entry(req, 400);
send_simple_response(conn, 400);
fclose(conn);
return;
}
char temp_file[] = "temp_fileXXXXXX";
int temp_fd = mkstemp(temp_file);
if (temp_fd < 0) {
write_audit_log_entry(req, 500);
send_simple_response(conn, 500);
return;
}
char read_buff[4096];
while (content_length) {
ssize_t read_size = fread(read_buff, 1,
(size_t)content_length < sizeof(read_buff) ? (size_t)content_length
: sizeof(read_buff),
conn);
if (ferror(conn) || write(temp_fd, read_buff, read_size) < 0) {
write_audit_log_entry(req, 500);
send_simple_response(conn, 500);
close(temp_fd);
unlink(temp_file);
return;
}
content_length -= read_size;
}
close(temp_fd);
int status;
bool need_unlink = true;
pthread_mutex_lock(&file_access_mutex);
int creat_fd = open(req->path, O_RDONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0644);
if (creat_fd < 0 && errno == EEXIST) {
// file existed
status = 200;
} else if (creat_fd <= 0) {
// actual error
status = errno == EACCES ? 403 : 500;
goto write_status_and_unlock;
} else {
// created the file
status = 201;
close(creat_fd);
}
if (rename(temp_file, req->path) < 0) {
status = errno == EACCES ? 403 : 500;
goto write_status_and_unlock;
}
need_unlink = false;
write_status_and_unlock:
write_audit_log_entry(req, status);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&file_access_mutex);
send_simple_response(conn, status);
if (need_unlink) {
unlink(temp_file);
}
}
static void handle_connection(void* arg)
{
FILE* conn = arg;
HTTPRequest req;
HTTPRequestParseResult res = parse_http_request(conn, &req);
if (res != HRPR_OK) {
int status = parse_result_to_status(res);
write_audit_log_entry(&req, status);
send_simple_response(conn, status);
} else if (strchr(req.path, '/')) {
write_audit_log_entry(&req, 400);
send_simple_response(conn, 400);
} else if (strcmp(req.method, "GET") == 0) {
handle_get_request(conn, &req);
} else if (strcmp(req.method, "PUT") == 0) {
handle_put_request(conn, &req);
} else {
write_audit_log_entry(&req, 501);
send_simple_response(conn, 501);
}
free_http_request(&req);
shutdown(fileno(conn), SHUT_RDWR);
fclose(conn);
}
static void fclose_free_func(void* file)
{
fclose(file);
}
int main(int argc, const char** argv)
{
setenv("POSIXLY_CORRECT", "1", true);
GlobalFlags flags = DEFAULT_FLAGS;
parse_cli_options(argc, argv, &flags);
if (flags.help_flag) {
print_help(stdout);
return flags.opt_error ? EXIT_FAILURE : 0;
} else if (flags.opt_error) {
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
sigset_t worker_block_set;
sigemptyset(&worker_block_set);
for (size_t i = 0; i < N_WORKER_BLOCKED_SIGNALS; ++i) {
sigaddset(&worker_block_set, WORKER_BLOCKED_SIGNALS[i]);
}
Server* server = make_server(flags.address, flags.port);
if (!server) {
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
ThreadPool* pool = make_thread_pool(flags.parallelism, worker_block_set);
if (!pool) {
destroy_server(server);
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
setup_signals();
while (true) {
int conn_fd = server_accept(server);
if (shutdown_flag) {
if (conn_fd >= 0) {
close(conn_fd);
}
break;
} else if (conn_fd < 0) {
continue;
}
FILE* conn = fdopen(conn_fd, "r+");
if (!conn) {
close(conn_fd);
continue;
}
thread_pool_enqueue(pool, handle_connection, conn, fclose_free_func);
}
destroy_thread_pool(pool);
destroy_server(server);
return 0;
}