Fix last commit

This commit is contained in:
2026-05-25 21:59:56 -07:00
parent ba8c94d971
commit 5d631b594f
11 changed files with 167 additions and 113 deletions
+25
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@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
---
BasedOnStyle: WebKit
IndentWidth: 4
---
Language: Cpp
AlignConsecutiveMacros: true
AlignEscapedNewlines: Right
AlignOperands: true
AllowShortBlocksOnASingleLine: Never
AllowShortCaseLabelsOnASingleLine: true
AllowShortFunctionsOnASingleLine: None
AllowShortIfStatementsOnASingleLine: Never
ColumnLimit: 100
IncludeBlocks: Regroup
IndentCaseLabels: false
IndentWrappedFunctionNames: true
PointerAlignment: Right
ReflowComments: false
SortIncludes: false
SpaceAfterCStyleCast: true
SpaceAfterLogicalNot: false
SpaceBeforeAssignmentOperators: true
SpaceAfterControlStatementKeyword: true
BreakBeforeBraces: Attach
---
+2 -2
View File
@@ -11,9 +11,9 @@ httpserver: $(OBJS)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $^
# Auto-rebuild if Makefile changes
bin/%.o: src/%.c Makefile
bin/%.o: %.c Makefile
@mkdir -p bin/deps/
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -MD -MF $(patsubst src/%.c,bin/deps/%.d,$<) -c -o $@ $<
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -MD -MF $(patsubst %.c,bin/deps/%.d,$<) -c -o $@ $<
include $(SRCS:%.c/bin/deps/%.d)
+46 -38
View File
@@ -5,11 +5,12 @@
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
static const char *EMPTY_STRING = "";
static const char* EMPTY_STRING = "";
HTTPHeaderList *http_header_list_push(HTTPHeaderList *list, const char *key,
const char *value) {
HTTPHeaderList *new = malloc(sizeof(HTTPHeaderList));
HTTPHeaderList* http_header_list_push(HTTPHeaderList* list, const char* key,
const char* value)
{
HTTPHeaderList* new = malloc(sizeof(HTTPHeaderList));
if (!new) {
return NULL;
}
@@ -32,9 +33,10 @@ HTTPHeaderList *http_header_list_push(HTTPHeaderList *list, const char *key,
return new;
}
void free_http_header_list(HTTPHeaderList *list) {
void free_http_header_list(HTTPHeaderList* list)
{
while (list) {
HTTPHeaderList *next = list->next;
HTTPHeaderList* next = list->next;
free(list->key);
free(list->value);
free(list);
@@ -42,8 +44,9 @@ void free_http_header_list(HTTPHeaderList *list) {
}
}
const char *http_header_list_search(HTTPHeaderList *list, const char *key,
const char *def) {
const char* http_header_list_search(HTTPHeaderList* list, const char* key,
const char* def)
{
while (list) {
if (strcmp(list->key, key) == 0) {
return list->value;
@@ -53,11 +56,11 @@ const char *http_header_list_search(HTTPHeaderList *list, const char *key,
return def;
}
#define MAX_REQUEST_LENGTH 16384
#define MAX_METHOD_LENGTH 16
#define MAX_URI_LENGTH 256
#define MAX_VERSION_LENGTH 3
#define MAX_HEADER_KEY_LENGTH 2048
#define MAX_REQUEST_LENGTH 16384
#define MAX_METHOD_LENGTH 16
#define MAX_URI_LENGTH 256
#define MAX_VERSION_LENGTH 3
#define MAX_HEADER_KEY_LENGTH 2048
#define MAX_HEADER_VALUE_LENGTH 2048
#define RETURN_IF_READ_ERROR(s) \
@@ -66,9 +69,10 @@ const char *http_header_list_search(HTTPHeaderList *list, const char *key,
}
// if an error occured, req->uri is not allocated
static HTTPRequestParseResult parse_method_uri_line(FILE *stream,
size_t *restrict bytes_read,
HTTPRequest *restrict req) {
static HTTPRequestParseResult parse_method_uri_line(FILE* stream,
size_t* restrict bytes_read,
HTTPRequest* restrict req)
{
// allow for some leeway in passing incorrect methods
char method[MAX_METHOD_LENGTH + 1];
char uri[MAX_URI_LENGTH + 1];
@@ -76,7 +80,7 @@ static HTTPRequestParseResult parse_method_uri_line(FILE *stream,
char whitespace[4];
ssize_t signed_bytes_read;
#define S1(s) #s
#define S(s) S1(s)
#define S(s) S1(s)
int nconv = fscanf(
stream,
// clang-format off
@@ -113,9 +117,10 @@ static HTTPRequestParseResult parse_method_uri_line(FILE *stream,
// return true if there are more headers and no error occurred, false otherwise
// this will *not* free LIST if an error occurs
static bool next_header(FILE *stream, size_t *restrict bytes_read,
HTTPRequestParseResult *restrict res,
HTTPHeaderList *restrict *restrict list) {
static bool next_header(FILE* stream, size_t* restrict bytes_read,
HTTPRequestParseResult* restrict res,
HTTPHeaderList* restrict* restrict list)
{
char c = fgetc(stream);
RETURN_IF_READ_ERROR(stream);
if (c == '\r') {
@@ -135,18 +140,17 @@ static bool next_header(FILE *stream, size_t *restrict bytes_read,
char whitespace[3];
ssize_t signed_bytes_read;
#define S1(s) #s
#define S(s) S1(s)
int nconv =
fscanf(stream,
// clang-format off
#define S(s) S1(s)
int nconv = fscanf(stream,
// clang-format off
"%" S(MAX_HEADER_KEY_LENGTH) "[a-zA-Z0-9.-]"
":%c"
"%" S(MAX_HEADER_VALUE_LENGTH) "[ -~]"
"%c%c"
"%zn",
// clang-format on
key, &whitespace[0], value, &whitespace[1], &whitespace[2],
&signed_bytes_read);
// clang-format on
key, &whitespace[0], value, &whitespace[1], &whitespace[2],
&signed_bytes_read);
#undef S
*bytes_read = signed_bytes_read;
RETURN_IF_READ_ERROR(stream);
@@ -161,8 +165,9 @@ static bool next_header(FILE *stream, size_t *restrict bytes_read,
return true;
}
HTTPRequestParseResult parse_http_request(FILE *stream,
HTTPRequest *restrict out) {
HTTPRequestParseResult parse_http_request(FILE* stream,
HTTPRequest* restrict out)
{
out->uri = EMPTY_STRING;
out->path = EMPTY_STRING;
out->method = EMPTY_STRING;
@@ -182,23 +187,25 @@ HTTPRequestParseResult parse_http_request(FILE *stream,
return res;
}
void free_http_request(HTTPRequest *restrict req) {
void free_http_request(HTTPRequest* restrict req)
{
if (req->method != EMPTY_STRING) {
free((char *) req->method);
free((char*)req->method);
}
if (req->uri != EMPTY_STRING) {
free((char *) req->uri);
free((char*)req->uri);
}
free_http_header_list(req->headers);
}
const char *status_code_to_message(int status, size_t *restrict length) {
const char* status_code_to_message(int status, size_t* restrict length)
{
static const struct {
int code;
const char *msg;
const char* msg;
size_t size;
} CODES[] = {
#define P(s, m) {s, m, sizeof(m) - 1}
#define P(s, m) { s, m, sizeof(m) - 1 }
P(200, "OK"),
P(201, "Created"),
P(400, "Bad Request"),
@@ -221,12 +228,13 @@ const char *status_code_to_message(int status, size_t *restrict length) {
return NULL;
}
void format_http_response(FILE *stream, HTTPResponse *restrict resp) {
void format_http_response(FILE* stream, HTTPResponse* restrict resp)
{
assert(status_code_to_message(resp->status, NULL));
fprintf(stream, "HTTP/1.1 %d %s\r\n", resp->status,
status_code_to_message(resp->status, NULL));
status_code_to_message(resp->status, NULL));
fprintf(stream, "Content-Length: %zu\r\n", resp->body_length);
for (HTTPHeaderList *h = resp->headers; h; h = h->next) {
for (HTTPHeaderList* h = resp->headers; h; h = h->next) {
fwrite(h->key, 1, h->key_length, stream);
fwrite(": ", 1, 2, stream);
fwrite(h->value, 1, h->value_length, stream);
+3 -6
View File
@@ -14,13 +14,11 @@ struct _HTTPHeaderList {
HTTPHeaderList *next;
};
HTTPHeaderList *http_header_list_push(HTTPHeaderList *list, const char *key,
const char *value);
HTTPHeaderList *http_header_list_push(HTTPHeaderList *list, const char *key, const char *value);
void free_http_header_list(HTTPHeaderList *list);
const char *http_header_list_search(HTTPHeaderList *list, const char *key,
const char *def);
const char *http_header_list_search(HTTPHeaderList *list, const char *key, const char *def);
typedef enum {
HRPR_OK,
@@ -39,8 +37,7 @@ typedef struct {
HTTPHeaderList *headers;
} HTTPRequest;
HTTPRequestParseResult parse_http_request(FILE *stream,
HTTPRequest *restrict out);
HTTPRequestParseResult parse_http_request(FILE *stream, HTTPRequest *restrict out);
void free_http_request(HTTPRequest *restrict req);
+49 -37
View File
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ typedef struct {
bool help_flag;
uint32_t port;
size_t parallelism;
const char *address;
const char* address;
} GlobalFlags;
static const GlobalFlags DEFAULT_FLAGS = {
@@ -40,20 +40,21 @@ static const GlobalFlags DEFAULT_FLAGS = {
};
// Return false on failure, true on success
static bool parse_uint(const char *str, uintmax_t min, uintmax_t max,
uintmax_t *output) {
static bool parse_uint(const char* str, uintmax_t min, uintmax_t max,
uintmax_t* output)
{
if (isspace(*str) || *str == '+' || *str == '-') {
log_error("malformed number: \"%s\"", str);
return false;
}
errno = 0;
char *endptr;
char* endptr;
uintmax_t conv = strtoumax(str, &endptr, 10);
if (!*str || *endptr) {
log_error("malformed number: \"%s\"", str);
return false;
} else if ((conv == UINTMAX_MAX && errno == ERANGE) || conv < min
|| conv > max) {
|| conv > max) {
log_error("out of range: %s", str);
return false;
}
@@ -61,13 +62,14 @@ static bool parse_uint(const char *str, uintmax_t min, uintmax_t max,
return true;
}
static void parse_cli_options(int argc, const char **argv, GlobalFlags *flags) {
static void parse_cli_options(int argc, const char** argv, GlobalFlags* flags)
{
constexpr size_t MAX_PARALLELISM = SIZE_MAX;
constexpr uint32_t MAX_PORT = 65535;
opterr = false;
int c;
char pretty_flag[8];
while ((c = getopt(argc, (char *const *) argv, ":ha:p:")) >= 0) {
while ((c = getopt(argc, (char* const*)argv, ":ha:p:")) >= 0) {
if (isprint(c)) {
snprintf(pretty_flag, sizeof(pretty_flag), "%c", optopt);
} else {
@@ -118,9 +120,10 @@ static void parse_cli_options(int argc, const char **argv, GlobalFlags *flags) {
}
}
static void print_help(FILE *file) {
static void print_help(FILE* file)
{
fprintf(file,
"usage: httpserver [-h] [-a ADDRESS] [-p PARALLELISM] <PORT>\n");
"usage: httpserver [-h] [-a ADDRESS] [-p PARALLELISM] <PORT>\n");
fprintf(file, " -h print this message, then exit\n");
fprintf(
file,
@@ -128,19 +131,20 @@ static void print_help(FILE *file) {
fprintf(file, " -a bind to ADDRESS (default: 127.0.0.1)\n");
}
constexpr int WORKER_BLOCKED_SIGNALS[] = {SIGTERM, SIGINT, SIGHUP};
constexpr size_t N_WORKER_BLOCKED_SIGNALS =
sizeof(WORKER_BLOCKED_SIGNALS) / sizeof(int);
constexpr int WORKER_BLOCKED_SIGNALS[] = { SIGTERM, SIGINT, SIGHUP };
constexpr size_t N_WORKER_BLOCKED_SIGNALS = sizeof(WORKER_BLOCKED_SIGNALS) / sizeof(int);
static bool shutdown_flag = false;
static void signal_handler(int signal) {
static void signal_handler(int signal)
{
if (shutdown_flag) {
_exit(signal == SIGTERM ? 0 : EXIT_FAILURE);
}
shutdown_flag = true;
}
static void setup_signals() {
static void setup_signals()
{
struct sigaction act = {
.sa_handler = signal_handler,
.sa_flags = 0,
@@ -154,7 +158,8 @@ static void setup_signals() {
}
}
static int parse_result_to_status(HTTPRequestParseResult res) {
static int parse_result_to_status(HTTPRequestParseResult res)
{
switch (res) {
case HRPR_OK:
return 200;
@@ -170,9 +175,10 @@ static int parse_result_to_status(HTTPRequestParseResult res) {
}
}
static void send_simple_response(FILE *stream, int status) {
static void send_simple_response(FILE* stream, int status)
{
size_t status_msg_len;
const char *status_msg = status_code_to_message(status, &status_msg_len);
const char* status_msg = status_code_to_message(status, &status_msg_len);
HTTPResponse resp = {
.status = status,
.headers = NULL,
@@ -183,16 +189,18 @@ static void send_simple_response(FILE *stream, int status) {
fputc('\n', stream);
}
static void write_audit_log_entry(HTTPRequest *restrict req, int status) {
static void write_audit_log_entry(HTTPRequest* restrict req, int status)
{
fprintf(stderr, "%s,%s,%d,%s\n", req->method, req->uri, status,
http_header_list_search(req->headers, "Request-ID", "0"));
http_header_list_search(req->headers, "Request-ID", "0"));
}
static void handle_get_request(FILE *conn, HTTPRequest *restrict req) {
static void handle_get_request(FILE* conn, HTTPRequest* restrict req)
{
int status = 200;
struct stat statbuf;
flockfile(stderr);
FILE *file_handle = fopen(req->path, "r");
FILE* file_handle = fopen(req->path, "r");
if (!file_handle) {
if (errno == ENOENT) {
status = 404;
@@ -234,15 +242,15 @@ static void handle_get_request(FILE *conn, HTTPRequest *restrict req) {
fclose(file_handle);
}
static ssize_t get_content_length(HTTPRequest *restrict req) {
const char *text =
http_header_list_search(req->headers, "Content-Length", NULL);
static ssize_t get_content_length(HTTPRequest* restrict req)
{
const char* text = http_header_list_search(req->headers, "Content-Length", NULL);
if (!text) {
return 0;
} else if (isspace(*text) || *text == '-' || *text == '+') {
return -1;
}
char *endptr;
char* endptr;
uintmax_t conv = strtoumax(text, &endptr, 10);
if (*endptr || (conv == UINTMAX_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
|| conv > SIZE_MAX) {
@@ -251,7 +259,8 @@ static ssize_t get_content_length(HTTPRequest *restrict req) {
return conv;
}
static void handle_put_request(FILE *conn, HTTPRequest *restrict req) {
static void handle_put_request(FILE* conn, HTTPRequest* restrict req)
{
ssize_t content_length = get_content_length(req);
if (content_length < 0) {
write_audit_log_entry(req, 400);
@@ -269,10 +278,10 @@ static void handle_put_request(FILE *conn, HTTPRequest *restrict req) {
char read_buff[4096];
while (content_length) {
ssize_t read_size = fread(read_buff, 1,
(size_t) content_length < sizeof(read_buff)
? (size_t) content_length
: sizeof(read_buff),
conn);
(size_t)content_length < sizeof(read_buff)
? (size_t)content_length
: sizeof(read_buff),
conn);
if (ferror(conn) || write(temp_fd, read_buff, read_size) < 0) {
write_audit_log_entry(req, 500);
send_simple_response(conn, 500);
@@ -313,8 +322,9 @@ write_status_and_unlock:
}
}
static void handle_connection(void *arg) {
FILE *conn = arg;
static void handle_connection(void* arg)
{
FILE* conn = arg;
HTTPRequest req;
HTTPRequestParseResult res = parse_http_request(conn, &req);
if (res != HRPR_OK) {
@@ -336,11 +346,13 @@ static void handle_connection(void *arg) {
fclose(conn);
}
static void fclose_free_func(void *file) {
static void fclose_free_func(void* file)
{
fclose(file);
}
int main(int argc, const char **argv) {
int main(int argc, const char** argv)
{
setenv("POSIXLY_CORRECT", "1", true);
GlobalFlags flags = DEFAULT_FLAGS;
parse_cli_options(argc, argv, &flags);
@@ -355,11 +367,11 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv) {
for (size_t i = 0; i < N_WORKER_BLOCKED_SIGNALS; ++i) {
sigaddset(&worker_block_set, WORKER_BLOCKED_SIGNALS[i]);
}
Server *server = make_server(flags.address, flags.port);
Server* server = make_server(flags.address, flags.port);
if (!server) {
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
ThreadPool *pool = make_thread_pool(flags.parallelism, worker_block_set);
ThreadPool* pool = make_thread_pool(flags.parallelism, worker_block_set);
if (!pool) {
destroy_server(server);
return EXIT_FAILURE;
@@ -375,7 +387,7 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv) {
} else if (conn_fd < 0) {
continue;
}
FILE *conn = fdopen(conn_fd, "w+");
FILE* conn = fdopen(conn_fd, "w+");
if (!conn) {
close(conn_fd);
continue;
+8 -5
View File
@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ struct _Server {
int socket;
};
Server *make_server(const char *text_addr, uint32_t port) {
Server* make_server(const char* text_addr, uint32_t port)
{
struct sockaddr_in addr = {
.sin_family = AF_INET,
.sin_port = htons(port),
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@ Server *make_server(const char *text_addr, uint32_t port) {
log_error("bad IPv4 address: \"%s\"", text_addr);
return NULL;
}
Server *server = malloc_safe(sizeof(Server));
Server* server = malloc_safe(sizeof(Server));
server->socket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (server->socket < 0) {
log_errno("socket");
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ Server *make_server(const char *text_addr, uint32_t port) {
free(server);
return NULL;
}
if (bind(server->socket, (struct sockaddr *) &addr, sizeof(addr)) < 0) {
if (bind(server->socket, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr)) < 0) {
log_errno("bind");
close(server->socket);
free(server);
@@ -51,11 +52,13 @@ Server *make_server(const char *text_addr, uint32_t port) {
return server;
}
void destroy_server(Server *server) {
void destroy_server(Server* server)
{
close(server->socket);
free(server);
}
int server_accept(Server *server) {
int server_accept(Server* server)
{
return accept(server->socket, NULL, NULL);
}
View File
+21 -17
View File
@@ -7,24 +7,25 @@
struct thread_pool_queue {
Task task;
void *arg;
void* arg;
FreeFunc ff;
struct thread_pool_queue *next;
struct thread_pool_queue* next;
};
struct _ThreadPool {
bool running;
size_t nthreads;
sigset_t thread_sig_mask;
pthread_t *threads;
pthread_t* threads;
pthread_cond_t queue_cnd;
pthread_mutex_t queue_mtx;
struct thread_pool_queue *queue;
struct thread_pool_queue* queue;
};
// return false if we need to stop
static bool get_task(ThreadPool *pool, Task *task, void **task_arg) {
static bool get_task(ThreadPool* pool, Task* task, void** task_arg)
{
pthread_mutex_lock(&pool->queue_mtx);
if (!pool->running) {
pthread_mutex_unlock(&pool->queue_mtx);
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ static bool get_task(ThreadPool *pool, Task *task, void **task_arg) {
pthread_mutex_unlock(&pool->queue_mtx);
return false;
}
struct thread_pool_queue *ent = pool->queue;
struct thread_pool_queue* ent = pool->queue;
if (ent) {
pool->queue = pool->queue->next;
pthread_mutex_unlock(&pool->queue_mtx);
@@ -49,19 +50,21 @@ static bool get_task(ThreadPool *pool, Task *task, void **task_arg) {
abort();
}
static void *pool_thread_function(void *arg) {
ThreadPool *pool = arg;
static void* pool_thread_function(void* arg)
{
ThreadPool* pool = arg;
pthread_sigmask(SIG_SETMASK, &pool->thread_sig_mask, NULL);
Task task;
void *task_arg;
void* task_arg;
while (get_task(pool, &task, &task_arg)) {
task(task_arg);
}
return NULL;
}
ThreadPool *make_thread_pool(size_t parallelism, sigset_t sig_mask) {
ThreadPool *pool = malloc_safe(sizeof(ThreadPool));
ThreadPool* make_thread_pool(size_t parallelism, sigset_t sig_mask)
{
ThreadPool* pool = malloc_safe(sizeof(ThreadPool));
pthread_mutex_init(&pool->queue_mtx, NULL);
pthread_cond_init(&pool->queue_cnd, NULL);
pool->running = true;
@@ -81,7 +84,8 @@ ThreadPool *make_thread_pool(size_t parallelism, sigset_t sig_mask) {
return pool;
}
void destroy_thread_pool(ThreadPool *pool) {
void destroy_thread_pool(ThreadPool* pool)
{
pthread_mutex_lock(&pool->queue_mtx);
pool->running = false;
pthread_cond_broadcast(&pool->queue_cnd);
@@ -92,9 +96,9 @@ void destroy_thread_pool(ThreadPool *pool) {
free(pool->threads);
pthread_mutex_destroy(&pool->queue_mtx);
pthread_cond_destroy(&pool->queue_cnd);
struct thread_pool_queue *queue = pool->queue;
struct thread_pool_queue* queue = pool->queue;
while (queue) {
struct thread_pool_queue *next = queue->next;
struct thread_pool_queue* next = queue->next;
if (queue->ff) {
queue->ff(queue->arg);
}
@@ -104,10 +108,10 @@ void destroy_thread_pool(ThreadPool *pool) {
free(pool);
}
void thread_pool_enqueue(ThreadPool *pool, Task task, void *arg, FreeFunc ff) {
void thread_pool_enqueue(ThreadPool* pool, Task task, void* arg, FreeFunc ff)
{
pthread_mutex_lock(&pool->queue_mtx);
struct thread_pool_queue *new =
malloc_safe(sizeof(struct thread_pool_queue));
struct thread_pool_queue* new = malloc_safe(sizeof(struct thread_pool_queue));
new->task = task;
new->arg = arg;
new->ff = ff;
View File
+11 -6
View File
@@ -7,9 +7,10 @@
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
void *realloc_safe(void *oldptr, size_t size) {
void* realloc_safe(void* oldptr, size_t size)
{
static const char OOM_MSG[] = "fatal: out of memory\n";
void *ptr = realloc(oldptr, size);
void* ptr = realloc(oldptr, size);
if (size && !ptr) {
fwrite(OOM_MSG, 1, sizeof(OOM_MSG) - 1, stderr);
abort();
@@ -17,12 +18,14 @@ void *realloc_safe(void *oldptr, size_t size) {
return ptr;
}
void *malloc_safe(size_t size) {
void* malloc_safe(size_t size)
{
return realloc_safe(NULL, size);
}
// asprintf is not POSIX
int alloc_sprintf(char *restrict *restrict out, const char *restrict fmt, ...) {
int alloc_sprintf(char* restrict* restrict out, const char* restrict fmt, ...)
{
va_list args;
va_start(args, fmt);
va_list args2;
@@ -35,7 +38,8 @@ int alloc_sprintf(char *restrict *restrict out, const char *restrict fmt, ...) {
return written;
}
void log_error(const char *restrict fmt, ...) {
void log_error(const char* restrict fmt, ...)
{
time_t cur_time = time(NULL);
struct tm tm;
localtime_r(&cur_time, &tm);
@@ -49,6 +53,7 @@ void log_error(const char *restrict fmt, ...) {
fputc('\n', stderr);
}
void log_errno(const char *detail) {
void log_errno(const char* detail)
{
log_error("%s: %s", detail, strerror(errno));
}
+2 -2
View File
@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@
#include <stddef.h>
#if __has_attribute(format)
# define PRINTF_LIKE(i, j) __attribute__((format(printf, i, j)))
#define PRINTF_LIKE(i, j) __attribute__((format(printf, i, j)))
#else
# define PRINTF_LIKE(i, j)
#define PRINTF_LIKE(i, j)
#endif
void *realloc_safe(void *oldptr, size_t size);